PMS Tax Computation — Transaction-Level Mechanics
Definition
PMS tax operates on each individual transaction in the investor's demat account. Long-term capital gains (held over 12 months) on listed equity attract 12.5% tax above the ₹1.25 lakh annual exemption; short-term capital gains (held under 12 months) attract 20% tax. Each Buy and each Sell creates a separate cost basis and gain calculation, computed by FIFO methodology.
In Simple Words
Unlike a mutual fund where tax events occur only on redemption, a PMS portfolio creates tax events on every transaction the manager executes. A typical PMS with 30-50% annual turnover generates 50-100 buy-sell transactions per year per investor. Each Sell transaction's cost basis is computed using First-In-First-Out (FIFO) — the earliest-bought lot of that stock is matched against the sold quantity. The holding period is computed from the original purchase date of those specific shares to the sale date. This granularity creates complexity in tax computation and reporting. The PMS manager's annual capital gains statement details every transaction with: date of buy, date of sell, quantity, cost basis (FIFO-matched), sale value, gain/loss, holding period (LTCG or STCG classification). The investor reports this in Schedule CG of ITR-2 or ITR-3 with appropriate aggregation. The ₹1.25 lakh annual equity LTCG exemption applies aggregate across all sources — PMS LTCG + mutual fund LTCG + direct stock LTCG combined — not per source. CA support is recommended given the volume and granularity. Trustner's framework includes coordination with the client's CA at year-end.
Real-Life Scenario
A representative annual PMS tax statement for a ₹50 lakh investment with 38% turnover: 64 buy transactions and 47 sell transactions during the year. Of the 47 sells: 12 qualified as STCG (held under 12 months), aggregate gain ₹1.85 lakh, tax @ 20% = ₹37,000. 35 qualified as LTCG (held over 12 months), aggregate gain ₹4.20 lakh. The investor's total equity LTCG for the FY (PMS + mutual fund + direct stocks) is ₹5.10 lakh; first ₹1.25 lakh exempt, balance ₹3.85 lakh taxable @ 12.5% = ₹48,125. Add cess @ 4% on each = total tax ₹85,125 + cess ₹3,405 = ₹88,530. Net realised: ₹6.05 lakh gross gains − ₹88,530 tax = ₹5.16 lakh post-tax. The CA reconciles the PMS statement against the demat account broker statement to ensure no discrepancy before filing.
Key Points to Remember
Frequently Asked Questions
Test Your Knowledge
3 questions to check your understanding
PMS tax events occur:
Summary Notes
Each transaction = separate tax event; FIFO cost basis.
LTCG 12.5% above ₹1.25 lakh; STCG 20%.
Annual exemption is aggregate across equity sources.
CA support essential given volume and granularity.
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